The field of Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining is an ever-evolving landscape, with advancements in technology leading to the creation of innovative and efficient tools. CNC turning is a prominent process that involves the rotational movement of a workpiece to enable the removal of excess material by cutting tools, ultimately producing the required shape and dimensions. To achieve this, a diverse assortment of CNC turning tools is available, tailored to suit various projects and materials. In this in-depth blog post, we delve into the wide-ranging catalogue of CNC turning tools, exploring their aspects and applications.
\Types of CNC turning tools
CNC turning tools come in a variety of designs, each intended for specific applications and materials. Some of the most commonly used turning tools include:
\1. Insert turning tools
Insert turning tools are typically used for both external and internal turning operations. These tools have replaceable carbide inserts that can be customised to meet specific cutting requirements. They are especially suitable for high-speed and high-feed turning operations, offering wear resistance, long life, and enhanced cutting performance.
\2. Boring bars
Boring bars excel at internal turning, particularly in applications requiring large depths of cut or high aspect ratios (length to diameter). They are designed to provide stability during the cutting process, minimising deflections and enabling high precision. Different types of boring bars can be chosen depending on the material being machined, the required tolerance, and the profile of the final component.
\3. Profiling tools
Profiling tools are used for shaping contoured surfaces, both internally and externally. They are available with a range of cutting geometries, materials, and coatings, accommodating everything from general-purpose to high-performance operations. Profiling tools are an integral component in CNC turning, contributing to the creation of complex and intricate profiles with high precision and repeatability.
\4. Threading tools
Threading tools are utilised to produce threads on the workpiece, either internally or externally. These threads facilitate the joining of components and are crucial across numerous industries. Threading tools may offer a single-point or multi-point design, with the selection based on the thread specifications, required accuracy, and desired surface finish.
\5. Parting and grooving tools
Parting and grooving tools are employed in generating grooves or separating components by creating a precise, narrow cut. These cuts are made perpendicular to the workpiece's axis and are used in various industries, such as in the production of O-ring grooves, retaining ring grooves, and gear profiles.
\Selecting the right CNC turning tool
Choosing the appropriate turning tool is critical in attaining a successful CNC turning process. Numerous factors influence this decision, including:
Material being machined: Each material has specific properties and behaviours that mandate the use of optimised turning tools. Examples include chip control for aluminium components or heat-resistance for titanium operations.
Tool material: The cutting tool's material contributes significantly to its performance, life, and suitability for various applications. Examples of tool materials are high-speed steel (HSS), carbide, ceramic, and polycrystalline diamond (PCD).
Tool geometry: The geometry of the cutting tool can be adapted to suit specific machining requirements. For example, positive rake angles allow for smooth and continuous chip flow, reducing cutting forces and minimising tool wear.
Required component features: The aspect ratio, tolerance, and surface finish of the final part are essential considerations in selecting the appropriate tooling.
Machine tool capabilities: Ensuring compatibility between the CNC machine and the selected turning tools is crucial, including constraints such as spindle limitations, toolholder configurations, and axis movements.
Optimizing CNC turning tool performance
Once the appropriate turning tool has been selected, various strategies can be employed to maximise its performance and life, including:
Proper tool setup: Ensuring accurate alignment between the workpiece and the turning tool is critical to maintaining cutting accuracy and quality. Additionally, using the correct clamping method and toolholder is crucial to prevent chatter and achieve consistent results.
Cutting fluid application: The use of cutting fluids can help cool the tool, reduce friction, and prolong tool life. Some materials and applications may demand specific types of cutting fluids, so research and experimentation are advised.
Optimal cutting parameters: Carefully determining the appropriate balance between cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut is essential for promoting efficient machining and extending tool life.
Tool monitoring and maintenance: Regularly assessing the condition of CNC turning tools is critical. Replacing or regrinding worn tools can maintain precision and prevent the creation of poor-quality components.
Investing time and effort in understanding CNC turning tools' intricacies can aid in selecting the best tooling for your application. As you explore this diverse catalogue, don't forget to consider factors such as material, component requirements, and machine capabilities to ensure the ultimate CNC turning success. With the right combination of tools and strategies, the possibilities become virtually endless!
cnc turning tools catalogue pdf
